How to rename a file in Linux

There are two approaches when you rename files in Linux: via the command-line interface or the command-line. The command line is also known as the terminal. Terminal is an essential tool for administrating Linux servers, which provides Linux users with some of the best productivity tools with full power.

Rename a file in Linux terminal using “mv” command

To rename a file in the Linux terminal, enter the following command at the command line.

[email protected]:~$ mv oldFileName.php newFileName.php

You can change the name of the file located in a different folder in the current folder.

[email protected]:~$ mv /path/to/file/oldFileName.php /path/to/file/newFileName.php

Note: Actually the mv command is used to move a file.

Renaming multiple files

You can use the rename tool and the for loop to rename multiple files on Linux terminal.

Rename multiple files using the “rename” tool

First, we need to install the rename tool. Most Linux distributions do not come with a rename tool. Run the following command in the terminal to install the tool:

Install rename on Ubuntu / Debian

[email protected]:~$ sudo apt install rename

Install rename on CentOS / Fedora / AlmaLinux / Rocky Linux

[email protected]:~$ sudo yum install prename

Install rename on Arch Linux

[email protected]:~$ yay perl-rename ## or yaourt -S perl-rename

Basic usage

If you want to rename txt files to HTML, you can use the command below.

[email protected]:~$ rename 's/\.html$/\.php/' *.html

lowercase to UPPERCASE

You can use the following command to convert lowercase filenames to uppercase.

[email protected]:~$ rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/' *.jpeg

Verbose mode

You can use the -n parameter to output the command you used in verbose.

[email protected]:~$ rename -n 's/\.html$/\.php/' *.html

index.php renamed as index.html
services.php renamed as services.html
about.php renamed as about.html

Rename multiple files using the for loop

For example, we want to add dates to pdf file names.

[email protected]:~$ ls
file1.pdf
file2.pdf
...
file3.pdf

The bash script below will add the date to all pdf files in the current folder.

for i in $(ls *.pdf); do
mv $i $(basename $i .pdf)_$(date +%Y%m%d).pdf 
done

After running the code, we see that the filenames have changed.

[email protected]:~$ ls
file1_20210210.pdf
file2_20210210.pdf
...
file3_20210210.pdf

Note: If you need help renaming multiple files, you can post a comment on this page.

Rename a file using right-click

If you have the GUI, right-click the file you want to rename and click “Rename”.

Rename a file by pressing F2 key

If you have the GUI, click once on the file you want to rename and press F2.